Outline
Early African American Lives in Lawrence, Kansas Through Its Newspapers
Jeanne Klein
(DRAFT Outline)
About
Preface
Free State Myth and Parallel Development
American Indians in Douglas County:
Kaw, Delaware/Lenape, Wyandotte floats, and Shawnee
Timeline (Lawrence, Kansas, and US events) (Table)
Black Population (Table)
Topics
First Migrations
Earliest Settlers
Underground Railroad (1854-60)
Contrabands of the Civil War (1861-65)
Quantrill’s Raid (1863)
1865 Douglas County Census
Civil War Soldiers and Dietzler/Walker GAR post 365
GAR Officers (Table)
Soldiers buried in Lawrence (Table)
Economic Conditions
Douglas County Poor Farm (1866)
Housing across Neighborhoods
Exodusters (April 1879)
Churches and Schools
Introduction “Colored People of Lawrence,” by J.S. Boughton, Tribune, Feb. 1868
Churches and Sabbath Schools [see Dorthy Pennington, 1982]
Second Congregational [see Kay Bradt + to 1907]
Second (9th Street) Baptist [see National Register]
Rev. Bedford Drisdom and Dudley Lee
St. Luke AME [see National Register]
Rev. Richard Ricketts, A.H. Brooks
First Baptist, North Lawrence
Rev. Gabriel Gray
St. James AME, North Lawrence
Hiram J. Johnson and Ismael Keith
Education (read “Good Trouble: Two Lincoln Schools in North Lawrence” booklet)
School Board Members (elected by wards)
Rev. Thomas W. Henderson, 4th ward (1870-72)
Rev. David G. Lett, 4th ward (1872-73)
Allen Rickman, 6th ward (1875-76, 1880-81)
Lilburn B. Drake, 6th ward (1877-79)
C. C. James, 6th ward (1879-80, 1882-88)
John L. Waller, 3rd ward (1883-Feb. 1884)
Rev. Wellborn Wright, 4th ward (1887-89)
Rev. E. N. Cohron, 1st ward (1890-91)
Samuel H. Johnson, 1st ward (Aug. 1891-Apr. 1892)
Henry Fuel, 1st ward (1892-96)
Jason B. Moore, 5th ward (1898-1904)
Elementary Schools and Black Teachers
Lincoln street and Lincoln schools (North Lawrence)
Vermont street school
Chapel school
New York street school
Pinckney school
Quincy (intermediate) and Central (high) schools
Lawrence High School (1890) and Liberty Memorial High School (1923)
High School Graduates (Table)
KU Graduates (Table)
Blanche Ketene Bruce, 1st 1885
Isaac B. Bradley Sr., 1st Law school, 1887
Sherman A. Harvey, 1889
Politics and Civil Rights
Overview
Civil Rights Leaders
Charles H. Langston [see Richard Sheridan, Kansas History]
C.C. James [in progress…]
Doc McWilliams [see outline with speech excerpts]
Allen Williams
Lemuel King
James R. Johnson
Alexander Bryant
James W. Hoyt
James Gross Sr.
James Smith (dies 1884)
Representation
City Councilmen, 6th Ward
Green Keith (1885-91, 1894-96, 1899-1901)
Fred C. West (1901-03, 1905-08)
David Logan (1910-14)
District Court Clerk Sherman A. Harvey (1893-96)
Deputy Carrie Langston
Judge John W. Clark (1904-28)
Racist Violence by white mobs
Introduction
Racialized Incidents (1865); Attempted Rapes and a Threatened Lynching (1873-74)
The Cases of John Blunt (1875) and Strawder Hines (1879) and
Another Rape and a Threatened Lynching (1880)
The 1882 Lynchings: Isaac King, George Robertson, and Peter Vinegar
Two More Threatened Lynchings (1883, 1898)
Policemen and Constables
Introduction (Table)
C.C. James (1872-79)
Ben Ellis (1880-87)
Louis C. Bowers (1881-85, 1904-05, 1909 +)
Peter Jones (1888-91)
Dan Morton (1883, 1890-93, 1895-1908)
Samuel Jeans, City/Asst. Marshal (1891-1904)
Amie Thomas (1905-09)
Lawson Lewis (1909-1911)
Ed McKissack (1911-16)
Fred Logan
Turnkey, County Jail
A. Henry Brooks (1890-92)
Isaac Johnson (1895-1920)
Criminal Justice System
Introduction (case studies)
Jailed for Misdemeanors
Jailed for Criminal Offenses
Imprisoned at the Kansas Penitentiary in Lansing
Major Crimes and Burglary/Grand Larceny (Tables)
Young Offenders
The Case of William R. Herbert (1891-1920s)
Celebrations
Emancipation Day(s)
Weddings and Anniversaries
Organizations and Clubs
First Grand Independent Benevolent Society (1862à)
Officers and Member Burials (Tables)
Masons
Baseball (1871-1904)
Educational and Literary Clubs
Progressive Club (1889à)
Lula B. (Carr) Johnson and Samuel H. Johnson (Uncle Rube)
Inter-State Literary Association (1891à)
Eureka Club (1891-1900)
Sierra Leone (Double Twelve) Club (1892à)
Self Culture Club (1915à)
NAACP (1921)
Burials at Oak Hill Cemetery (over 975+)
Introduction (NAACP “Untold Stories”) (Databases link)
Occupations (see Biographies of Families)
Businesses Owners
Grocers Charles Anderson; Richard Burns and Charles Langston
Livery Stable & Hotel Lemuel King
Meat Producer and Butchers Frederick Gleed, Peter Jones
Restaurants and Saloons Daniel Stone +
Farmers C.C. James, Charles H. Langston, Edward Harvey +lots
Janitors Henry E. Smith, Jessie Dillard +lots
Laborers (Teamsters, Hack Drivers) +lots
Edward Thurston, Isaac Allen, Albert “Shuck” Woods, Harrison Tutt (murdered KCK 1887)
Musical Talents George S. Freeman, Charles A. Johnson, Grace V. Overall, Fred Lyons, Whitman Sisters, George “Nash” Walker, Eli R. Rice, Albert Young
Porters Jerry Nashville Walker +lots
Post Office Mail Carriers C.C. James, Frank Davis, Robert White, George W. Gross
Trades
Barbers Elias L. Bradley, James R. Johnson, Mark Anthony, James Gross Sr., W. Horace Barker, Albert Gregg +lots
Blacksmiths Troy Strode, Absalom Dimery, Albert Cloud +
Builders: Carpenters, Plasterers, Glaziers, Brick Makers
Henry Copeland, Joshua Hamilton, Nero Sparks Sr +lots
Newspapers
Printer John H. Smith
Pressmen J.H.H. Figgins, Henry Spivey
Shoemakers William Clayton, Henry Fuel, Alex Gregg
Tannery McCarter Byrd
Water Works Engineer Samuel H. Johnson
Professionals
Attorneys
Isaac B. Bradley Sr., Sherman A. Harvey
John W. Clark and Robert B. McWilliams
Physicians
Dr. John H. Young (1882), City Physician (1890-94)
Dr. Frederick D. G. Harvey (1900)
Dr. Joseph J. Kenner (1903)
Matriarchs
Louann Smith, Maria Ware, Hester Gray, Jane Ellis, Mary B. McPike, Juda Shepard, Frances McKinney, Elisia Jeans, Amelia Coger, Frances Hamilton, Mary Jane Cline, Martha Wilson, Jane Hunter
Homemakers, Washerwomen, Domestics, Dressmakers +lots
Sylvia Walker (fortune teller), Melvina Barker, Mary (Pearson) Fortson
Biographies
A-E
Anderson, Charles & Lucretia TBD
Anthony, Mark TBD
Barker, Melvina, Simon H., et al. TBD
Barker, Parris & Eliza TBD
Bates, Rev. Benjamin F. & family
Bowers, Joseph TBD
Bowers, Louis C. & Mary TBD
Byrd, McCarter & Lucy TBD
Bradford, Edward T. & Eliza
Bradley, Elias L. & Frances
Brooks, A. Henry
Brooks, Alfred
Bryant, Alexander
Clark, John W. & Gertrude TBD
Cloud, Juda, Albert, et al. TBD
Copeland, Henry & Libbie TBD
Crouch, Rolla TBD
Dillard, Jesse, Frances, Mary Jane TBD
Dimery, Absalom TBD
Dimery, Ezekiel TBD
Drake TBD
Ellis, Jane, et al. TBD
F-J
Figgins, JHH TBD
Fishback TBD
Fortson TBD
Frye, William Sr & Elizabeth TBD
Fuel, Henry & Harriet TBD
Gleed, Fred Sr & Lucy TBD
Gray, Hester, Gabriel, William, et al TBD
Green, Jesse & Palmyra TBD
Gregg, Alexander Sr & Jr, et al. TBD
Gross, James & Salina, George W., et al. TBD
Hamilton, Frances, Joshua, Newton, Marcus, et al. TBD
Harper, William & Harriet TBD
Harvey, Rebecca, Sherman, Dr. Frederick, Edward TBD
Hill, John Sr TBD
Holland, William TBD
Hunter, Jane TBD
Jackson, Thomas, et al. TBD
Jeans, Samuel & Belle (Jeans) Henson TBD
Johnson, Jack & Anna TBD
Johnson, Lewis, Isaac TBD
Johnson, Walker & Julia, Mamie (Johnson) & Isaac Bradley Sr TBD
James, C. C. TBD
Johnson, James R & Louisa
Johnson, Samuel H. & Lula (Johnson) Irving
Jones, Peter
K-S
Keith, Ishmael, Green, et al. TBD
Kenner, Dr. Joseph J. TBD
King, Lemuel
King, George R. TBD
Langston, Charles & Mary, Nat, Carrie TBD
Lyman, William & Elizabeth TBD
Madden, Green & Malinda TBD
McCullough, Gabriel TBD
McGee TBD
McKissack, Calvin et al. TBD
McWilliams, Doc & Malinda
Moore, Jason B. TBD
Monroe TBD
Overton TBD
Richardson, J. Cyrus TBD
Rice, Samuel TBD
Salisbury, George W. & Mary TBD
Scott, William & Susan TBD
Shepard, Samuel & Juda TBD
Smith, Henry E. & Minerva
Sparks, Nero Sr & Jr TBD
Spearman, John Sr & Rose Ann TBD
Spivey, Henry TBD
Stone, Daniel & Lucy, et al. TBD
Strode, Troy & Julia, et al. TBD
T-Z
Thomas, H.H. TBD
Thurston, Edward
Verder, Lewis TBD
Wallace, Pryor & Martha TBD
Ware, Charles Sr & Maria TBD
Warfield, John. A. & Susan TBD
White, Robert & Addie
Williams, Henry & Carrie TBD
Willoughby TBD
Wilson, Martha TBD
Winfrey TBD
Winn, Claude Sr TBD
Woods, Albert “Shuck”
Woody, John Henry TBD
Young, Dr. John H TBD
Resources
Newspapers (chronologically by political stance, per LOC)
Census records at FamilySearch.org and Kansas Ancestry (w/city directories)
Archives
Watkins Museum (Kathe Schick+)
Spencer Research Library (Sherman & Ed Harvey, Ethel Moore, Katie Armitage)
Booklets at Watkins Museum
Journal Articles
Books
Other (Dissertations/Theses, KU Student Papers)
KAAHGS