Alexander Bryant (1852-1944)

Alexander (Alex) Bryant was born enslaved on January 14, 1852, the human property of Dr. John Bryant Sr. (1816-1902), in Independence, Missouri. He did not discover his birth date and year until 1913, when he met a KU medical student from Independence and “became interested in his former owners and decided to go back and visit them.” John Bryant, his wife Martha Ann (Vaughn), and four children had moved from Jessamine County, Kentucky, in 1850 and settled on a farm at 907 South Main Street, where enslaved people raised crops and cattle, while Dr. Bryant practiced medicine. Alex was born to enslaved parents, Elbert and an unnamed mother, in a log cabin behind this house. Sometime later, he and his parents were sold and traded for thirteen acres on property later owned by Rev. Alexander Procter, who ministered the First Christian Church (1860-1900). In June 1913, Dr. John Bryant Jr. (1843-1921) took his father’s former slave Alexander for a long drive in his automobile showing him sites all around Independence. ¹

Alex Bryant married Ruth (Ruby) (1854-1944) on December 21, 1874 and settled in Lawrence, where they raised at least seven children: John (1875-1930), Viola (Franklin) (1876-1964), Edward (1876-19??), Oscar (1878-19??), Luther (1880-?), Walter (1883-1905), and Margie (Holloway) (1884-1962). ² Initially, the family lived at 1320 New Jersey street, before moving to 827 Garfield off Delaware street, while Alex worked various jobs as a janitor, farmer, carpet man, and porter. ³

Beginning in 1880, Mr. Bryant became active as a Third Ward delegate in the Republican party with other Black men. ⁴ As a charter member and officer of Western Star Lodge, No. 1, Knights of Pythias, he was elected its Grand Chancellor around 1886. ⁵ To celebrate the 29th anniversary of Lincoln’s initial Emancipation Proclamation, he helped arrange a grand picnic on September 22, 1891, for Black families and students at Starrett’s grove in North Lawrence. ⁶ Eight years later, his beloved father Elbert (1829-1899), also a Pythian Knight, died in Topeka and was buried at Oak Hill Cemetery (Sec. 9, row E, Grave 6). ⁷ Notably, in 1896, Alex Bryant served as a trustee of the Kansas Ex-Slaves’ Pension Association with J. Cyrus Richardson from Lawrence, along with thirteen other formerly enslaved men from Topeka, Wichita, Ottawa, Hutchinson, Fort Scott, and Clay Center. ⁸

Beginning on July 1, 1918, Mr. Bryant became a long-time janitor of Green Hall at KU. After doing various part-time jobs at KU since 1932, he decided he wanted full-time employment again. So, in July 1943, he applied to take a civil service examination and gave his age as 112, not remembering his birth year. Instead, the Board of Regents placed him on retirement with a salary of $18 per month (or $310 monthly in 2022 dollars) to care for his needs. ⁹ Nine months later, Alex Bryant passed away at age 94, having lost his wife Ruby one month earlier. In addition to two surviving daughters, Viola and Margie, this long-lived couple had enjoyed five grandchildren, three great grandchildren, and four great-great grandchildren. ¹⁰

  • ¹ Quoted in “Former Slave Visited Early Day Master’s Son,” Jeffersonian Gazette, June 25, 1913 and “Was a Slave,” Lawrence Daily Journal-World, June 24, 1913. The 1860 slave schedule in Independence, MO lists 10 unnamed slaves owned by John Bryant Sr.: 5 males, ages 31, 22, 20, 8 (Alex), and a newborn and 5 females, ages 34, 16, 6, 4, and 2. On the John Bryant family, see W. Z. Hickman, History of Jackson County (Topeka: Historical Publishing, 1920), 360-61.

    ² See 1880 US census and 1885 Kansas census; three generational anniversaries celebrated, LDJ-W, December 23, 1940; grave markers for Alexander, dated January 14, 1852-April 23, 1944, and Ruth, dated May 6, 1854-March 19, 1944, at Oak Hill Cemetery, Sec. 15, Lot 41, https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/33239469/alexander-bryant; in LDJ-W, son “John Bryant” obituary, August 25, 1930, notes Oscar living in Ann Arbor, Michigan, and Edward living in Omaha, Nebraska, but no obituaries can be found for them; see also “Card of Thanks,” regarding death of an unknown (married?) daughter, Lawrence Daily World, January 12, 1911; Walter Bryant obituary, Lawrence Daily Journal, August 24, 1905. No obituary can be found for Luther “Shags” Bryant.

    ³ See 1883, 1886, 1888, 1893, 1896, and 1900 city directories; his father Elbert Bryant lived nearby on New Jersey (1883 city directory) and sold property to Alexander for $200, “Real Estate Transfers,” Journal-Tribune, October 2, 1895; farming, Gazette, June 14, 1888; in charge of bathhouse, Journal-Tribune, May 24, 1897; carpet maker in Innes, Nace & Hackman advertisement, Journal, January 10, 1899. The Bryant home on Garfield sustained two similar fires from frying pan grease, LDJ-W, March 6, 1926 & March 7, 1936. Mr. Bryant’s old model Hupmobile was stolen from his garage and returned to his house with two tires blown out, LDJ-W, November 1, 1937.

    ⁴ In Journal, March 17, 1880; Blaine and Logan Club, August 20, 1884; “Meeting of Colored Citizens,” Lawrence Daily Gazette, October 13, 1885.

    ⁵ In Journal, August 19 & December 17, 1886, February 15, 1887, December 24, 1890, July 8, 1892; Evening Tribune, June 5, 1888; Gazette, December 15, 1891.

    ⁶ Gazette, September 21, 1891. See also his recitation of “God’s Eternal City” with others’ entertainments at the First Baptist church in North Lawrence, Western Recorder, October 26, 1883.

    ⁷ “Elbert Bryant” obituary, Topeka Plaindealer, June 16, 1899.

    ⁸ “Charters Filed,” Topeka State Journal, October 28, 1896 and Lawrence Journal, October 28, 1896.

    ⁹ “‘Uncle Alex’ Fails to Get Back as Full-Time Worker,” LDJ-W, July 27, 1943.

    ¹⁰ In LDJ-W, “Alex Bryant” obituary and funeral, April 20 and 21, 1944.